Words starting with "c"

C, /si:/, is the chemical symbol for the nonmetallic element carbon with the atomic number 6.

C3, noun, plants that produce a three-carbon compound during the Calvin–Benson cycle in C3 plants, serving as a key intermediate in the process of photosynthesis. These plants include most crops such as rice, wheat, legumes, potatoes and vegetables, whose carbon fixation metabolic pathway relies on the level of carbon dioxide that is naturally available in the atmosphere.

C4, noun, a metabolic pathway for carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation, which uses four-carbon compounds. This category of Plants, as for instance maize, are adapted to high sunlight and arid conditions. They are called C4 plants, which are a type of plant that uses a specialized photosynthetic pathway to fix carbon dioxide more efficiently, allowing them to thrive in hot, dry environments. This process, also known as the Hatch-Slack pathway, involves capturing CO2 in mesophyll cells as a four-carbon compound and then transporting it to specialized bundle sheath cells to be released and used in the Calvin cycle. This adaptation minimizes water loss and reduces photorespiration because C4 plants have low photorespiration.

Ca, symbol for calsium.

CA, abbr. for Countryside Agency. 

CAE, abbr. for caprine arthritis-encephalitis.

cage wheel. noun, a metal wheel fitted to the exterior surface of a normal tractor wheel in order to reduce ground pressure. See paddy wheel cage.

cake. noun, cake, noun, a solid residue left after pressing seeds or fruits to extract their oil. E.g. include cottonseed cake, soybean cake, and palm kernel cake. It is used as a component or ingredient in a larger feed mixture, such as compound feed, because it is a source of protein and energy. See wet cake, oil cake, press cake.

Calabrese. countable and uncountable noun, plural Calabresi. a a variety of green sprouting broccoli. Calabrese is usually sown in spring, either indoors or outside, and is ready to harvest in three or four months, from July to October, depending on the variety and sowing time. It belongs to the brassica family or species and varieties commonly used for food, which include bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, collard greens, choy sum, kale, kohlrabi, napa cabbage, rutabaga, turnip and others.

Calabrese is a delicious and versatile food and is very often hailed as a superfood, rich in vitamins and antioxidant. Calabrese is best lightly steamed or stir-fried and can be used in all kinds of dishes. It's particularly popular in Italian cuisine and is named after Calabria, a region in the southwest Italy that occupies the "toe" of the country's boot-shaped peninsula.

calabrese plants. noun, a plant that grows up to 60cm (2ft) tall and wide, forming a large central green head, which is a cluster of tightly packed flower buds, ready to be harvested from mid-summer to mid-autumn, when large and firm but still tightly in bud. After cutting the main head, further smaller heads form on side-shoots, extending the harvest for up to eight weeks.

calcareous. adj., rich in limetone or containing calcium. Syn. for chalky, limy, lime, calcic, calciferous, limestone, sandy, grainy, gritty, argillaceous, coralline, earthy.

calcareous grassland. adj., vegetation that is typical on soils or rocks that are rich in lime with a high pH (>6.5) or containing calcium. Syn. chalk grassland, limestone grassland, chalk downland, calcareous meadow, and calcicolous grassland. Opp. for acid grassland.

calcareous-avoiding. adj., same as calcifuge, calcifugous, calciphobic, lime-hating, lime-hating, acid-loving, acidophilic, non-calcareous, calcium-repelling.

calcicole. noun, a plant that grows well on alkaline and chalky soils. Syn. alciphile.

calcified. adj., made hard.

calcifuge., noun, a). a plant not normally growing on calcareous soils, b) a plant, which does not tolerate the alkaline soil. Syn. for calciphobe. 1. calcifuge, adj., less commonly calcifugous syn. for calciphobic, calcareous-avoiding, lime-hating, lime-hating, acid-loving, acidophilic, non-calcareous, calcium-repelling.

calcifugous. adj., more commonly calcifuge. Same as calciphobic, calcareous-avoiding, lime-hating, lime-hating, acid-loving, acidophilic, non-calcareous, calcium-repelling.

calciphobic. adj., same as calcifuge, calcifugous, calcareous-avoiding, lime-hating, lime-hating, acid-loving, acidophilic, non-calcareous, calcium-repelling.

calcium-repelling. adj., same as calcareous-avoiding, calcifuge, calcifugous, calciphobic, lime-hating, lime-hating, acid-loving, acidophilic, non-calcareous.

caprine arthritis-encephalitis, abbr. CAE,

Capsicum commonly known as bell pepper, sweet pepper, paprika or pepper.

Carissa carandas commonly known as Bengal currant, Christ's thorn, Carandas plum, Karonda, Karanda or Kanna.

CCW, abbr. for Countryside Commission for Wales.

cherry, noun, a fruit of many plants of the genus Prunus, and is a fleshy drupe (stone fruit). 1. commercial cherries are obtained from cultivars of several species, such as the sweet Prunus avium and the sour Prunus cerasus. 2. cherry tree and its wood and is sometimes applied to almonds and visually similar flowering trees in the genus Prunus, as in "ornamental cherry" or "cherry blossom". 3. wild cherry may refer to any of the cherry species growing outside cultivation, although Prunus avium is often referred to specifically by the name "wild cherry" in the British Isles.

compound feed. noun, a fodder blended from various raw materials and additives. These blends are formulated in accordance with specific requirements for each specific animal. Compound feeds are manufactured by feed compounders as meal type, pellets or crumbles. The main ingredients used in commercially prepared compound feed are the feed grains, which include corn, soybeans, sorghum, oats and barley. Other crop byproducts such as an edible oil cake or press cake can also be used for the manufacture of compound feed because it is a rich source of protein and other nutrients, making it a valuable animal feed supplement. See cake, oil cake or press cake.

CFCU, abbr. for Counter Fraud and Compliance Unit.

Code of Good Agricultural Practice, abbr. COGAP.

COGAP, abbr. for Code of Good Agricultural Practice.

COMA, abbr. for Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy.

Comice, see. Doyenne du Comice.

Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy, abbr. COMA.

Committee of Professional Agricultural Organisations, abbr. COPA.

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (UK Regulations), abbr. CSHH.

COPA, abbr. for Committee of Professional Agricultural Organisations.

corporate social responsibility abbr. CSR.

Council for the Protection of Rural England, abbr. CPRE.

Counter Fraud and Compliance Unit, abbr. CFCU.

Countryside Agency, abbr. CA, a British statutory body set up in 1999 whose primary task was to improve the quality of the rural environment and the lives of those living in it. The agency ceased to exist in 2006, and its functions and responsibilities dispersed among other bodies.

The Agency was created by merging the Countryside Commission and the Rural Development Commission. Its powers were inherited from those bodies. The agency headquarters was based in Cheltenham with smaller offices in London and the regions. Total staff numbers were around 600.

Countryside and Rights of Way Act, abbr. CROW Act.

Countryside Commission for Wales, abbr. CCW.

CPRE, abbr. for Council for the Protection of Rural England.

Crop Protection Association, abbr. CPA.

CROW Act, abbr. for Countryside and Rights of Way Act.

CSHH, abbr. for, Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (UK Regulations).

CSR, abbr. for corporate social responsibility.